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Advanced Monolithic Systems
FEATURES
* Fixed and Ajustable Versions Available * Output Current in excess of 100mA * Very Low Quiescent Current * Reverse Battery Protection * Input-output Differential less than 0.6V * Short Circuit protection * Internal Thermal Overload Protection * 60V Load Dump Protection * -50V Reverse Transient Protection * Mirror Image Insertion Protection
AMS2931
100mA LOW DROPOUT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
RoHS compliant
APPLICATIONS
* Battery Powered Systems * Portable Consumer Equipment * Cordless Telephones * Portable (Notebook) Computers * Portable Instrumentation * Radio Control Systems * Automotive Electronics
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AMS2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable voltage regulators ideally suited for use in battery-powered systems. These devices feature very low quiescent current of 1mA or less when supplying 10mA loads. This unique characteristic and the extremely low input -output differential required for proper regulation (0.2V for output currents of 10mA) make the AMS2931 ideal to use for standby power systems. Originally designed for automotive applications, the AMS2931 and all regulated circuitry are protected from input fault conditions caused by reverse battery installation or two battery jump starts. During line transients, such as load dump (60V) when the input voltage to the regulator can momentarily exceed the specified maximum operating voltage, the regulator will automatically shut down to protect both internal circuits and the load. The AMS2931 series also includes internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and is able to withstand temporary power-up with mirror-image insertion. The AMS2931 is offered in the 3-pin TO-92 package, 8-pin plastic SOIC, TO-220 and TO-263 packages.
ORDERING INFORMATION
OUTPUT VOLTAGE FIXED* TO-92 AMS2931AN-X AMS2931N-X PACKAGE TYPE TO-263 AMS2931AM-X AMS2931M-X OPER. TEMP RANGE IND IND IND
8 LEAD SOIC TO-220 AMS2931AS-X AMS2931AT-X AMS2931S-X AMS2931T-X ADJ. AMS2931CS X = 2.0V, 2.5V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 3.5V, 4.0V, 5.0V *For additional available fixed voltages contact factory
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1)
Input Voltage Operating Range Overvoltage Protection AMS2931A-X, AMS2931C AMS2931-X Internal Power Dissipation (Note 4) 26V 60V 50V Internally Limited Maximum Junction Temperature +125C Storage Temperature -65C to +150C Lead Temperature (Soldering 25 sec) 265C ESD 2000V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics at VIN =14V, IO =10mA, TJ=25C, C2 = 100F unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER
Fixed Output voltage Versions Output Voltage 6V V 26V, IO=100 mA -40C T 125C
J IN
CONDITIONS Min.
-1.0 - 3.0
AMS2931A-X Typ. Max.
+1.0 + 3.0 2 4 14 0.05 0.3 10 30 50 0.2 0.6 1.0 30
Min.
-3.0
AMS2931-X Typ. Max.
+3.0 5.0 2 4 14 0.05 0.3 0.4 15 500 10 30 50 0.2 0.6 1.0
Units
% % mV mV mV mV mV mA mA V rms
Line Regulation
9V V 16V 6V V 26V
IN O IN
Load Regulation Dropout Voltage
5mA I 100 mA I = 10 mA
O O O
I = 100 mA Quiescent Current I 10 mA, 6V V 26V -40C T 125C
J O IN
0.4 5 15 500
I = 100 mA, VIN = 14V, TJ = 25C Output Noise Voltage Output Impedance Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Maximum Operational Input Voltage Maximum Line Transient Reverse Polarity Input Voltage, D/C Reverse Polarity Input Voltage, Transient RL = 500, T = 1ms, 100ms RL = 500, VO 5.5V T = 1ms, 100ms 10Hz-100kHz, COUT = 100A 100mADC and 10mArms,100Hz=10kHz T =1000hr fO =120Hz
200 20 55 26 60 -15 -50 70 -30 -80 80 33 26 50 -15 -50 70 -30 -80 20 80
200
m mV dB
33
V V V V
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics at VIN =14V, VOUT =3V IO =10mA, TJ=25C, R1 =27k, C2 = 100F unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER
Adjustable Version Reference Voltage IO 100 mA, -40C T 125C, R1=27k,
J
CONDITIONS
(Note 2)
Min.
1.14
AMS2931C Typ.
1.20
Units Max.
1.26 1.32 V V V 1.5 1 0.2 0.6 1 1 mV/V % V V mA mA mA Vrms/V m %/1000hr %/V V V V V
Measured from VOUT to Adjust Pin Output Voltage Range Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage VOUT + 0.6V V 26V
IN
1.08 3 24 .02 0.3 0.05 0.3 0.4 15 0.8 100 40 0.4 0.02 26 33 70 -30 -80
5mA I 100 mA
O
I 10 mA
O O O O
I = 100 mA Quiescent Current I = 10 mA I = 100 mA During Shutdown RL = 500 Output Noise Voltage Output Impedance Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Maximum Operational Input Voltage Maximum Line Transient Reverse Polarity Input Voltage, D/C Reverse Polarity Input Voltage, Transient On/Off Threshold Voltage On Off On/Off Threshold Current 3.25 IO = 10mA, Reference Voltage 1.5V T = 1ms, 100ms RL = 500, VO -0.3V RL = 500, T = 1ms, 100ms VO = 3V -15 -50 10Hz-100kHz 100mADC and 10mArms,100Hz=10kHz T =1000hr fO = 120Hz
60
2.0 2.2 20
1.2 50
V V A
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. For guaranteed performance limits and associated test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics tables. Note 2: See Circuit in Typical Applications. To ensure constant junction temperature, low duty cycle pulse testing is used. Note 3: Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation. Limits appearing in normal type apply for TA = TJ = 25C. Note 4: The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance are as follows: 195C/W for the TO-92 (N) package, 160C/W for the molded plastic SO-8 (S), 50C/W for the TO-220 package and 73C/W for the TO-263 package. If the TO-220 package is used with a heat sink, JA is the sum of the package thermal resistance junction-to-case of 3C/W and the thermal resistance added by the heat sink and the thermal interface. The thermal resistance of the TO-263 package can be reduced by increasing the PCB copper area thermally connected to the package: using 0.5 square inches of copper area, JA is 50C/W; with 1 square inch of copper area JA is 37C/W; and with 1.6 or more square inches of copper area JA is 32C/W.
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
PIN CONNECTIONS
FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO-92 Plastic Package (N)
OUTPUT INPUT
8L SOIC SO-Package (S)
OUTPUT 1 GROUND 2 GROUND 3 8 INPUT
TO-220 (T)
TO-263 (M)
6 GROUND 5 N/C
GND
N/C 4
Bottom View
Top View
GND
7 GROUND
OUTPUT GND INPUT
TAB IS GND
OUTPUT GND INPUT
Front View
Top View
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE 8L SOIC SO-Package (S)
OUTPUT 1 GROUND 2 GROUND 3 ADJ 4 8 INPUT 7 GROUND 6 GROUND 5 ON/OFF
Top View
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
AMS2931-X (Fixed Output)
AMS2931C (Adjustable Output)
VCC
VIN UNREGULATED INPUT C1* 0.1F
AMS2931
VOUT REGULATED OUTPUT C2** 100F
C1* 0.1F
GND
R3 51k OFF ON/OFF ON AMS2931 ADJUSTABLE
IQ
OUT R1 28k ADJ GND R2 + C2** 100F
VOUT
*Required if regulator is located far from power supply filter. **C2 must be at least 100F to maintain stability; it can be increased without bound to maintain regulation during transients and it should be located as close as possible to the regulator. This capacitor must be rated over the same operating temperature range like the regulator. The ESR of this capacitor is critical (see curve).
VOUT = VREF x ( R1+R2)/R1 Note: Using 27k for R1 will automatically compensate for errors in VOUT due to the input bias current of the Adjust Pin ( approx. 1A)
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Dropout Voltage INPUT OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V) INPUT OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 80 40 120 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C)
IO = 50mA IO = 10mA IO = 100mA
Dropout Voltage 0.6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 50 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 100 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 0
Low Voltage Behavior
AMS2931-5.0 IO = 100mA
2.0
3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
12 10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 60
AMS2931-5.0 RL=500
INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V) DEVIATION (mV)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mV)
Output at Voltage Extremes 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 ~ -3 ~
Line Transient Response
VIN = VOUT = 9V C2= 100 F
Load Transient Response 40 0 -40
C2= 100F
~ ~
LOAD CURRENT(mA)
~ ~
150
~ ~
3 0 0 15 30 TIME (s) 45
0 0 15 30 TIME (s) 45
Peak Output Current 600 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) OUTPUT CURRENT ( mA) 500
TJ= 25C
Quiescent Current 30 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 25 20 15 10 5 0 60 30 90 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VIN = 14V
Quiescent Current 25 20 15 10 3 2 1 0 -40
IO = 0mA
400 300 200 100 0 0
TJ = 85C
TJ = -40C
~ ~
IO = 50mA
~ ~
20 10 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
30
0
0 40 80 120 TEMPERATURE ( C)
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Quiescent Current 35 QUIESCENT CURRENT ( mA) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
IO= 10mA IO= 50mA IO= 100mA 5V OUTPUT
Ripple Rejection 85 80 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 1
AMS2931-5.0 IO= 10mA C2 = 100F ALUM C2 = 100F TANTALUM
Ripple Rejection 85 80 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 0
FQ= 120Hz 5V OUTPUT
-5 -20 -10
0 10 20 30 40 50 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
60
10
100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
25 50 75 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
100
Output Impedance 10 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
AMS2931-5.0
Operation During Load Dump 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1.30 1.28 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 1.14 1.12 1.10 0
Reference Voltage
AMS2931C ADJUSTABLE
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( )
IO = 10mA
1
=150ms
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.1
~ ~
0.01 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
6 4 2 0 -2 -100
CO= 100F RL= 500
~ ~
0
100 200 300 TIME (ms)
400
500
3
6 9 12 15 18 21 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
24
Maximum Power Dissipation (SO-8) 1.0 0.9 POWER DISSIPATION (W) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) POWER DISSIPATION (W) 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-220)
INFINITE HEAT SINK
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-92) 1.0 0.9 POWER DISSIPATION (W) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
0.4" Lead Lenght from PC Board 0.125" Lead Lenght from PC Board
10 C/W HEAT SINK
NO HEAT SINK
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C)
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-263) ON/OFF VOLTAGE TRESHOLDS (V) 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 0
On/Off Treshold EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE ( ) 100
AMS2931C ADJUSTABLE
Output Capacitor ESR
COUT= 100F VO = 5V
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
4 3 2
JA = 32 C/W
10
OFF
JA = 37 C/W
1
STABLE REGION
JA = 50 C/W
ON
1 0
0.1
JA = 73 C/W
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C)
3
6 9 12 15 18 21 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
24
0.01
0
80 20 40 60 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
100
APPLICATION HINTS
The AMS2931 series require an output capacitor for device stability. The value required depends on the application circuit and other factors. Because high frequency characteristics of electrolytic capacitors depend greatly on the type and even the manufacturer, the value of capacitance that works well with AMS2931 for one brand or type may not necessary be sufficient with an electrolytic of different origin. Sometimes actual bench testing will be the only means to determine the proper capacitor type and value. To obtain stability in all general applications a high quality 100F aluminum electrolytic or a 47F tantalum electrolytic can be used. A critical characteristic of the electrolytic capacitors is their performance over temperature. The AMS2931 is designed to operate to -40C, but some electrolytics will freeze around -30C therefore becoming ineffective. In such case the result is oscillation at the regulator output. For all application circuits where cold operation is necessary, the output capacitor must be rated to operate at the minimum temperature. In applications where the regulator junction temperature will never be lower than 25C the output capacitor value can be reduced by a factor of two over the value required for the entire temperature range (47F for a high quality aluminum or 22F for a tantalum electrolytic capacitor). With higher output currents, the stability of AMS2931 decreases. Considering the fact that in many applications the AMS2931 is operated at only a few milliamps (or less) of output current, the output capacitor value can be reduced even further. For example, a circuit that is required to deliver a maximum of 10mA of output current from the regulator output will need an output capacitor of only half the value compared to the same regulator required to deliver the full output current of 100mA. In the case of AMS2931C (adjustable), the minimum value of output capacitance is a function of the output voltage. As a general rule, with higher output voltages the value of the output capacitance decreases, since the internal loop gain is reduced. In order to determine the minimum value of the output capacitor, for an application circuit, the entire circuit including the capacitor should be bench tested at minimum operating temperatures and maximum operating currents. To maintain internal power dissipation and die heating to a minimum, the input voltage should be maintain at 0.6V above the output. Worst-case occurs just after input power is applied and before the die had the chance to heat up. After the minimum capacitance value has been found for the specific brand and type of electrolytic capacitor, the value should be doubled for actual use to cover for production variations both in the regulator and the capacitor.
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted.
3 LEAD TO-92 PLASTIC PACKAGE (N)
0.0600.005 (1.5240.127) DIA
0.1800.005 (4.5720.127) 0.0600.010 (1.5240.254) 0.1400.010 (3.5560.127)
0.1800.005 (4.5720.127)
0.90 (2.286) NOM
5 NOM 0.500 (12.70) MIN
10 NOM
0.050 (1.270) MAX
UNCONTROLLED LEAD DIMENSIONS
0.0500.005 (1.2700.127)
0.0160.003 (0.4060.076)
0.0150.002 (0.3810.051)
N (TO-92 ) AMS DRW# 042391
8 LEAD SOIC PLASTIC PACKAGE (S)
0.189-0.197* (4.801-5.004) 8 7 6 5
0.228-0.244 (5.791-6.197)
0.150-0.157** (3.810-3.988)
1
2
3
4
0.053-0.069 (1.346-1.752) 0.004-0.010 (0.101-0.254) 0.008-0.010 (0.203-0.254)
0.010-0.020 x 45 (0.254-0.508) 0-8 TYP
0.014-0.019 (0.355-0.483)
0.050 (1.270) TYP
0.016-0.050 (0.406-1.270)
S (SO-8 ) AMS DRW# 042293
*DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723
AMS2931
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued).
3 LEAD TO-220 PLASTIC PACKAGE (T)
0.390-0.415 (9.906-10.541)
0.147-0.155 (3.734-3.937) DIA 0.230-0.270 (5.842-6.858) 0.570-0.620 (14.478-15.748)
0.165-0.180 (4.191-4.572) 0.045-0.055 (1.143-1.397)
0.460-0.500 (11.684-12.700)
0.330-0.370 (8.382-9.398)
0.980-1.070 (24.892-27.178) 0.218-0.252 (5.537-6.401) 0.520-0.570 (13.208-14.478)
0.090-0.110 (2.286-2.794) 0.028-0.038 (0.711-0.965)
0.050 (1.270) TYP
0.013-0.023 (0.330-0.584)
0.095-0.115 (2.413-2.921)
T (TO-220) AMS DRW# 042193
3 LEAD TO-263 PLASTIC DD (M)
0.390-0.415 (9.906-10.541)
0.060 (1.524) TYP
0.165-0.180 (4.191-4.572)
0.045-0.055 (1.143-1.397)
0.335-0.380 (8.50-9.65)
0.595-0.615 (15.113-15.621)
0.004 +0.008 -0.004 (0.102 +0.203 ) -0.102 0.059 (1.499) TYP 0.095-0.115 (2.413-2.921) 0.0500.012 (1.2700.305)
0.090-0.110 (2.286-2.794)
0.050 (1.270) TYP
0.013-0.023 (0.330-0.584)
M (DD3) AMS DRW# 042191
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc.
www.advanced-monolithic.com
Phone (925) 443-0722
Fax (925) 443-0723

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